During the second lesson in Media Culture we learn about Feedback Loop that i am not really understand about that why i did some research about it.
What is feedback loop? First of all, what is feedback?
In a system where a transformation occurs, there are input and outputs. The inputs are the result of the environment's influence on the system, and the outputs are the influence of the system on the environment. Input and output are separated by duration of time, as in before and after, or past and present. (J.de Rosnay 1997)
As the note given by our lecturer, the feedack loop is the dominant pattern in both organic and mechanical systems.
Something happens, something happens as a result of that thing happening,
the new happening modifies the original happening, the something happens again…
Feedback loop is
Central to a full understanding of dissipative systems, and especially those in symbiotic relationships, is the concept of system feedback (Stear, 1987). Complex systems with feedback loops that allow for self-renewal are called autopoietic structures. One example of a simple, self-organizing system is a whirlpool. Another example is the red spot on the planet Jupiter. Other systems, such as the human body, can be extremely complex (Briggs and Peat, 1989).
Put it into simple phrase is feedback loop is information about the result of a transformation or an action is sent back to the input of the system in the form of input data. Or is a way of "communication" between input and output.
And there are two different kinds of feedbacks: Positive feedbacks and negative feedbacks.
Positive Feedback:
Data facilitate and accelerate the transformation in the same direction as the preceding results, they are positive feedback - their effects are cumulative. Positive feedback leads to behavior: indefinite expansion or explosion (a running away toward infinity) or total blocking of activities (a running away toward zero). Something similar to a snowball effect. For examples like chain reaction, population explosion, proliferation of cancer cells and so on. However, when minus leads to another minus, Typical examples are bankruptcy.(J.de Rosnay,1997)
Negative Feedback:
Data produce a result in the opposite direction to previous results, they are negative feedback - their effects stabilize the system. The data will exponential growth or decline in the first stage then in the second there is maintenance of the equilibrium. Negative feedback leads to adaptive, or goal-seeking behavior: sustaining the same level, temperature, concentration, speed, direction. In some cases the goal is self-determined and is preserved in the face of evolution: the system has produced its own purpose (to maintain, for example, the composition of the air or the oceans in the ecosystem or the concentration of glucose in the blood). In other cases man has determined the goals of the machines (automats and servomechanisms). (J.de Rosnay,1997)
As in simple phrase: Positive feedback is data will increase or drop infinity and Negative feedback is data will increase or decrease but in the end the data will tend to be stable.
To link back to the note that our lecturer give us,
"Think of the process of learning to ride a bike for instance, or the driving of a car, or the operation of a toilet cistern …"
The process of cycling and driving car can product positive and negative feedback.
-Positive: maybe the they are in a race, they increase the speed faster and faster.
-Negative: Maybe there is a signboard telling them a speed limit at 80km/h, the will decrease or increase and make the speed at 80km/h.
For the operation of toilet cistern is for sure negative. The water inside the toilet cistern will reach until a limit and stop when the water has been flush, the water fill back and stop when it reaches the equilibrium.
Feedback loop are find in all place for example email.
If an email is marked as Spam, the system will automatically unsubscribe that address from the list, providing the sender with a considerable reduction in time, effort and money.
These are some video that i found in internet that give more example about feedback loop.
Positive and Negative Feedback Loop
Feedback Loop
References:
J.de Rosnay(1997): "Referencing pages in Principia Cybernetica Web", in: F. Heylighen, C. Joslyn and V. Turchin (editors): Principia Cybernetica Web(Principia Cybernetica, Brussels), URL: http://cleamc11.vub.ac.be/REFERPCP.html
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